Mba essay samples
Thursday, August 27, 2020
Life in the 13 Original Colonies Essay
In the 1600ââ¬â¢s and 1700ââ¬â¢s, the economies of the northern and southern settlements were influenced because of various components. In view of the various atmospheres and geology of their territory, the northern states and southern settlements had various assets accessible to them, which formed their social orders into what they are today. The assets accessible toward the northern provinces were totally not the same as the assets that were accessible toward the southern states. In the northern provinces, because of the atmosphere and topography of their property, crop development wasnââ¬â¢t as fruitful as it was in the south. The could climate and rough land made it hard for them so as time went on, the northern states turned out to be a greater amount of a mechanical people and depended more on assembling things like maritime gear and rum. A couple of the northern states took part in what they called a triangular exchange framework where New England exchanged rum for slaves from Africa and afterward these slaves were given toward the west non mainstream players in return for sugar and molasses, which was made into rum once more. The northern settlements intensely depended on this framework and it was this that brought New England achievement. In the south, the atmosphere was basically warm and ideal for crop development so the southern settlements turned out to be progressively agrarian. The principle reason the south had such extraordinary achievement in the region of harvest development was on the grounds that they found an incredible money crop called tobacco. Because of itââ¬â¢s addictive nature and incredible taste, the interest for it was extremely high. The south bought huge amounts of slaves since ranchers depended on bondage to help the achievement of their homesteads and harvests. They were unique in relation to the northern settlements along these lines in light of the fact that the north once in a while utilized slaves. They simply shipped them. Instruction was firmly influenced by the geology and atmosphere additionally, in all honesty. The North was cold and difficult to develop crops in so they were increasingly mechanical based. This implied the entirety of the individuals had to realize how to peruse and write so as to make manages different countries. In the northern states, there were not many government funded schools. In this manner, the guardians of kids normally simply recruited a mentor until they headed out to a college. On the off chance that the family couldnââ¬â¢t manage the cost of a coach, at that point they either sent the kid to a government funded school, or didnââ¬â¢t teach them by any stretch of the imagination. In the south, the atmosphere and geology was ideal for developing yields. Along these lines a great many people lived on huge ranches called manors. There was less accentuation on training in the south in light of the fact that the vast majority of the individuals wereâ slaves or obligated workers. Likewise, even a significant number of the landowners didnââ¬â¢t realize how to peruse or compose in light of the fact that very little is had to know so as to cultivate and they didnââ¬â¢t need to stress over exchanging abroad. They left that toward the north. At last, the topography and atmosphere of the northern and southern states was the primary factor that formed the social orders into what they are today. For example, the north had unpleasant karma in atmosphere for crop development, which made them a greater amount of a mechanical gathering of pilgrims. The south blossomed with crop development, which made them a greater amount of a rural gathering of pioneers.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Personal Development Plan free essay sample
I am endeavoring a learning experience and attempting to make a Personal Development Plan. This arrangement will be utilized as a manual for get me through school with information, a degree and the capacity to be fruitful. ââ¬Å"How do I accomplish balance in my life since I am a JIU understudy? â⬠is the procedure I will use to accomplish my objectives. JIU accepts that accomplishing balance in my life will make me an increasingly fruitful understudy, and anything that makes me progressively effective will help me throughout everyday life. With the end goal for me to be progressively fruitful as an understudy I should keep up my concentration and keep a definitive objective in mine: get a degree while being an effective understudy. Body of the Paper I was advised to discover one article and compose two or three sections regarding the matter: How would I achieve balance in my life since I am a JIU understudy? I found such a significant number of and the thoughts are for the most part so related. An Arts graduate ought to be adaptable, inventive, basic, adaptable, sharp, sure and articulate, thus prepared for any test or assignment â⬠if no one but you can perceive these capacities in yourself. This is the place Personal Development Planning (PDP) comes in. With an ever-expanding number of very much qualified alumni entering the work advertise every year, it is essential to your prosperity in the wake of finishing your examinations that you know precisely what abilities you bring to the table â⬠scholarly, business related and individual â⬠when you begin going after positions, and that you can give strong proof of those aptitudes. Your examinations will have helped you create pivotal transferable aptitudes and individual atributes, thus will a significant number of your extra-curricular exercises; you simply must have the option to express these to imminent businesses. PDP causes you to monitor what youââ¬â¢ve realized, how you learned it, and what you may do with that learning later on; it can likewise assist you with planning for the future and to distinguish what aptitudes or ascribes you may need to create so as to accomplish your objectives. Engaging with PDP should push you to: â⬠¢Consider what you truly need to do â⬠¢Make the correct scholarly, individual and expert choices â⬠¢Set individual objectives and targets â⬠¢Identify projects and extra-curricular chances and preparing to assist you with building up your abilities â⬠¢Plan ahead to accomplish your objectives Evaluate your own advancement â⬠¢Record various types of accomplishment Personal Development Planning is one piece of your college ââ¬Ëprogress fileââ¬â¢. This isn't a real report however a blend of any self-awareness arranging exercises that you take part in and record, just as the conventional scholastic transcript of your imprints that your coll ege gives you toward the finish of your investigations. It offers a point by point, adjusted record of everything that you have accomplished at college. As of late, colleges have become increasingly mindful that their understudies should be profoundly employable, and that implies graduating with a decent degree as well as having the option to exhibit an entire scope of aptitudes and capacities that will assist you with gaining and keep up the work you need. Becoming acclimated to setting focuses for yourself and assessing your advancement currently will place you in an advantageous position for accomplishment in your future working life, and one of the key points of an Arts instruction at Bristol is to assist you with understanding that learning is a genuinely deep rooted action, not something that stops when you leave college. We need, in this way, to urge you to ponder consistently your exhibition; we mean to give valuable direction on the most proficient method to approach this, for instance through this guide, and to give ordinary chances to reflection and conversation, most importantly through the individual coach framework. At last, you need to assume liability for your very own turn of events, however weââ¬â¢ll give a valiant effort to help and bolster this procedure. Do I need Personal Development Planning? Attempt this self-assessment work out. For every one of the accompanying explanations, rate your reactions: firmly concur = 0; concur = 1; kind of concur = 2; differ = 3; emphatically differ = 4. 1. I am sure that I can keep myself inspired towards accomplishing my degree for the following hardly any years 2. I am extremely clear what my objectives are for the following five years 3. I am certain that I have arranged adequately to empower me to accomplish my objectives 4. I am clear how my degree fits into my life plans 5. I am clear which aptitudes managers are searching for 6.
Friday, August 21, 2020
Argumentative and Persuasive Essay Topics
Argumentative and Persuasive Essay TopicsArgumentative and persuasive essay topics are an essential component of writing. These topics can help to spark a conversation or even win a debate. So many questions are raised by such topics. How can an essay topic actually persuade someone?The answer is simple. There is no way that a persuasive essay can be written without a strong argument or two that is strong enough to convince a reader. There has to be something compelling about the topic itself to compel the reader to take an interest in it. An essay topic that is full of passion and attention grabbing topics is far more likely to win an argument than one that is disinterested or dull.Argumentative and persuasive essay topics may have to be argued for several times before the facts hold up to the argument. This is the nature of the human mind. It's as if when the facts are presented in a way that makes sense to a person they begin to believe them. Once the facts are in place, and the a rgument becomes well formed and compelling, then the appeal begins.Argumentative and persuasive essay topics can also use high-voltage words like 'hate', 'hate'hate' to inspire emotion and compel a reader to act. This is also how some of the most powerful moments in Hollywood and politics are achieved. Sometimes the use of these words is good and sometimes not so good. But it is definitely worth the time spent in the process.Argumentative and persuasive essay topics should never be boring though. When it comes to writing, time is very important. You can't spend your time on something that is boring or running out of ideas, because then it would be too late.In fact, when it comes to having a successful essay there is little you can do that will make it fail. To truly create a persuasive essay, you must work on it all the time. It will take some time to get things done but in the end it will be well worth it.For those who love to write, they should always be making things better for t hemselves. When it comes to an argumentative and persuasive essay topics, it should always be a matter of wanting to change someone's point of view. So take the time to think about what would make a different perspective.And when you take the time to think about this, you will realize that it is the best way to win an argument, when you are able to show the other person why their viewpoint is wrong. This can only be done if the other person is open to changing their position. Make sure that you are doing all that you can to make yourself more appealing to the other person.
Monday, May 25, 2020
The Impact Of Social Media On Interpersonal Relationships
In order to understand the impact that social media and technology have had on human interpersonal relationships a perspective into the theories of interpersonal relations might be of help. First of all, the very basic definition of Interpersonal relationships are the social connections that we make with others. As human beings we have a multitude of interpersonal relationships; family, friends, love interests, marriage and fellow workers. These relationships can be short lived, casual or long lasting but there are some general applications and let us say, natural laws that can be applied to identify what constitutes a healthy, stable and long lasting relationship. There have been many studies and theories that have been put forth to show how relationships are entered into and maintained. In order to argue how social media and technology affect interpersonal relationships there needs to be some general understanding of some of the accepted theories on interpersonal relationships. The uncertainty reductions theory is the idea that we try to reduce uncertainty about others by learning about them. When we know more about someone, we can then predict their behavior more easily. (cite).This theory posits that two strangers go through several stages in order to start forming a bond and decide whether they want it to continue. The stages include: The entry stage, in which they get to know about each other s family, education and background The personal stage, which involvesShow MoreRelatedSocial Media s Impact On Interpersonal Relationships1621 Words à |à 7 PagesSocial media has a great impact on the interpersonal relationships between people. Social media has a very wide and extensive reach throughout the world. However, does social media really have that much of an impact on regular day to day lives? How different would certain livelihoods and relationships be without the use of social media? I some ways, social media has been a godsend for introverts to be able to connect with real people without the need to physically get out of their comfort zone. InRead MoreHow Social Media Affects Our Lives1158 Words à |à 5 Pagesall the time, all around, people are on social media. Look anywhere, an adult can be found scrolling through social media, teenagers especially, and even the elderly can be found on some form of social media. Whether it is a status on Facebook, a à ¨selfieà ¨ on Instagram, a tweet on Twitter, o r a video on Snapchat, everyone connects through social media to improve their relationships. This simple form of online communication has affected everyoneà ´s relationships for the better. Which raises the question:Read MoreCulture and the Mass Media1400 Words à |à 6 PagesImpact of Mass Media on Enculturation The mass media and culture go hand and hand in today s society. The American culture thrives on the Mass media and this has become American culture today. ââ¬Å"Mass media is any medium used to transmit mass communication. Until recently mass media was clearly defined and was comprised of the eight mass media industries; books, newspapers, magazines, recordings, radio, movies, television and the Internet (Lane, 2007).â⬠The mas media is no longer simple to defineRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Young Adult Individuals Essay924 Words à |à 4 PagesSocial media nowadays become a huge part of young adultsââ¬â¢ life, where according to the report that 90 percent of young adults are using social media (Vaterlaus, Barnett, Roche, Young, 2016, p. 594). The high usage of social media platforms calls for more research (Vaterlaus et al., 2016, p. 594). As mentioned before, this writer is planning to study individuals who use Snapchat app as their way to fame, in order to an swer this research question why some Snapchatters are famous and have a hugeRead MoreAnalysis Of Justin Bieber s Release Of Purpose : The Movement1029 Words à |à 5 Pagesand the involvement of social media in these areas. Following the review of relevant literature will be a list of research questions to guide future study in this field. Parasocial Interaction Parasocial interaction (PSI) is a term used to describe the one-sided relationships that come about between media users and media personalities. Parasocial Interaction Theory has been used for many years as a method to understand the ways in which individuals become attached to media personae. This kind ofRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Our Lives Essay852 Words à |à 4 Pagesby our words. Furthering this recognition, social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and more lack a majority of these communication components. On a deeper level, interpersonal communication also revolves around these same components. So, if these components are lost can we still consider online interactions interpersonal? While the answer is truly situational, the majority of the time we should not consider these interactions interpersonal. Imagine the following situation. Two thirteenRead MoreCommunication Skills And Interpersonal Problem Solving Skills Effect Adolescent s Social Self Efficacy988 Words à |à 4 Pagesskills and interpersonal problem solving skills effect adolescentââ¬â¢s social self-efficacy, the belief in oneââ¬â¢s own abilities. Before the study begins, Erozkan defines how communication, interpersonal relationships, and self-efficacy relate. Communication is a crucial element in forming long-lasting interpersonal relationships, which is an important aspect in adolescents developing positive self-efficacy (Erozkan, 2013). Adolescents begin to acquire life-long interpersonal relationships in high schoolRead MoreWhat Is The General Research Question?1346 Words à |à 6 Pagesthe article, the general research question is ââ¬Å"what impact snapchat has on interpersonal relationshipâ⬠. 1b) How important do you think this topic is? Justify your response The quantitative research about how snapchat elicits more jealousy than facebook is an important topic. The article shed more light on snapchat usage among social media users and its motivations, which is an understudies area in terms of jealousy and interpersonal relationship compared to facebook which has been in existence forRead MoreEffect Of Gender And Gender Representation On Media1735 Words à |à 7 PagesThe effect of gender and gender representation in media has been widely researched in various academic disciplines, including anthropology and communication studies. Similar gender role expectations are not just restricted to Western culture either. A study on gender representation in East Asian advertising by Michael Prieler is a demonstration of the influence of gendered communication. The research examines the male and female representation in the advertising of East Asian countries like HongRead MoreHigh Dependence On Social Media Technology1648 Words à |à 7 Pagescen tury, there is high dependence on social media technology in daily human interaction and sharing of information. This has shaped the social interactions and development of personal relationships of people more so teenagers. Individuals in the modern society use social media technology extensively, which has caused significant change in time people spend in alternative activities. That is, given a time constraint of 24 hours in a day, time spent in using social media technology is drawn from another
Friday, May 15, 2020
Children in Single Parent Homes-hurting or Helping Them - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 593 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/06/26 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Single Parent Essay Did you like this example? Single-Parent homes damage the lives of children, adolescents, and even adults. Family, a group consisting of children and two adults living together. But, not every family in the world consists of a father, mother, and a child. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Children in Single Parent Homes-hurting or Helping Them" essay for you Create order In todays world the likelihood of children living in a single-parent home is very natural. In most situations it is occasionally the father absent, especially in African-American homes. In an, Academic Achievement of Children in Single Parent Homes: A Critical Review Barajas stated, U.S. children were living in single-parent families; among African American children, 53% were living with only one parent. The vast majority of these single-parent homes are headed by women. DeBell reported that single-father homes represent only 7% of the total single-parent homes in the country.(Mark Barajas, 2011) Having just one parent in a childs life can sometimes be enough to make them want to strive to do better in life overall. In all reality, children need both parents in life to have a successful outcome. Single-parent homes disturb children psychologically generating negative effects on the childs mental and emotional health, behavior, and academic achievement. Single-parent homes affect the mental and emotional health of children. Mental health refers to humans coping with the ability to process information. Emotional health, on the other hand, refers to how humans express the emotions dealing with the information. When living in a single-parent home, children constantly try to live their life to the fullest knowing they do not always have all the support they need. A good mental and emotional health status of your kids needs to be very important factors to consider keeping healthy when going forth in the process of transforming into a single-parent. When a child goes through depression they tend to smoke and try different drugs to make them feel good about themselves. Lirio S. Covey and Debbie Tam stated in, Depressive Mood, the Single-Parent Home, and Adolescent Cigarette Smoking, Depression scores correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked. These associations suggest that depressive mood and stress may contribute to the onset of s moking.(Am J Public Health 1990; 80:1330-1333.) Parents should really keep an eye out for depression and other mental issues their child could go through. Some may complain and some may even disown their children from all of the mistakes they make. Whatever may happen, parents need to go through tough times just so they know to do everything in their power to raise their children into wonderful people of the world. A number of studies have shown that single-parent households lead to poor or defiant behaviors of children. Children start to develop horrible behavior due to a lack of discipline. Single parenting is a challenge to reinforce rules due to the lack of support from the other spouse. Poor behavior leads to drugs, gangs, and even jail time. Most poor behavior takes place in the opposite gender specific parent; on the other hand, Children tend to act better with their actual gender specific parent. According to the author of Parentââ¬Å"child Gender Matching and Child Psychological Adjustment after Divorce, Previous literature has suggested that children may adjust better to living in the same gender parent home as opposed to living in the opposite gender parent home.(Jan Faust) To gain full control over behavioral skills, a child must grow up in a family with a mother and father present. Single-parent families cause juvenile crime, author Robert L. Maginnis states, Children from single -parent families are more likely to have behavior problems because they tend to lack economic security and adequate time with parents.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Persuasive Essay On Animal Testing - 1078 Words
Animal testing isnââ¬â¢t something thatââ¬â¢s new and unheard of, it has been around for centuries. Using animals for research testing is not only being done in the U.S but also all over the world. What many people donââ¬â¢t understand is that these tests donââ¬â¢t just involve cute, little mice and a maze with a block of cheese at the finish line, it is long days of just sitting in a small cage with little food waiting to be chosen for the next terrifying and painful experiment. It is a harmful and cruel way of testing medicines, surgeries, and other products, to see if it may or may not be safe to use on humans. Unnecessary animal testing is killing thousands of animals every year, it is time to use alternatives for testing purposes instead. One ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Animal testing is extremely expensive. When testing an animal, they must provide them with housing, food, and other essentials that they need to stay healthy before the testing begins. The cost of the staff members themselves are quite expensive not only that but a test can take up to five years to complete (such as cancer tests). By the time all that adds up companies have invested up to four million dollars in just one test, that will most likely not work. In the European Union (which is only a small percentage of the worlds market) they test over six million animals every year. Out of all these tests, they may only come up with as little as twelve products, which twelve products defiantly isnââ¬â¢t worth the millions of animals that suffer, or the ridiculous amount of money spent. Humans are always being compared to animals such as apes for various of reasons whether itââ¬â¢s the composable thumbs, the way they look, or even the intelligence they can obtain. Although we do share a large percentage of DNA with animals like monkeys, mice, dogs, and even chickens, as a professor at Johns Hopkins University is fond of saying ââ¬Å"We are not 70kg ratsââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (Anderson). There are some diseases that humans can get but animals do not, such as Parkinsonââ¬â¢s disease, Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease, HIV, and many types of cancer. We as humans differ widely from animals on a cellular level as wellShow MoreRelatedPersuasive essay against animal testing764 Words à |à 4 Pagesï » ¿Persuasive Essay against Animal Testing Abraham Lincoln once said, ââ¬Å"I am in favour of animal rights as well as human rights. That is the way of a whole human being.â⬠à I couldnââ¬â¢t agree more with this statement as I do not believe that animal testing is right and I am totally against it. One of the main reasons I am against animal testing is the fact that the animals donââ¬â¢t have a choice and are being forced to be tested, which can lead to them getting seriously ill or dying as a cause of theRead MorePersuasive Essay On Animal Testing748 Words à |à 3 PagesAnimal Testing, what is it? On dictionary.com the definition for animal testing is, ââ¬Å"noun; The use of non-human animals in research and development projects, esp. for purposes of determining the safety of substances such as foods or drugsâ⬠So what does that tell us? That Animal testing is okay, and a good thing for scientific research, right? Well in some cases, using lab rats is for a good cause, to test things out and see whatââ¬â¢s cures what, but companies such as Loreal, Lââ¬â¢Orà ©al, Maybelline, WindexRead MoreAnimal Testing Persuasive Essay706 Words à |à 3 PagesThroughout history,à animal experimentationà has played an important role in leading to new discoveries and huma n benefits. However, what many people tend to forget are the millions of animals that are tortured or killed during the process of these painful, deadly experiments. Many people seem to misunderstand animal nature and the laboratory procedures and techniques that are executed on the animals. The procedures are cruel, unreliable, and harmful. Luckily there are more humane alternatives thatRead MorePersuasive Essay On Animal Testing1155 Words à |à 5 PagesAnimal Testing Animal experiments happen all over the world, but are they necessary? Animals are tested for medical research as well as for cosmetics. Some say that these experiments are not painful, so they are justified. Where others believe that all these experiments are inhumane and nothing can justify torturing and killing innocent animals. Although many believe that animal testing is the best way to improve human health by finding new treatments and tests for the safety of the productsRead MorePersuasive Essay On Animal Testing962 Words à |à 4 PagesFor many years, animal testing has been very widely accepted in the world for the purpose of testing products such as makeup, new medicine and medical procedures, as well as determining whether or not some foods are safe for human consumption. Itââ¬â¢s a growing problem in the world that has led to the suffering of animals for thousands of years in order to benefit humans. In order to fix this, these tests need more strict regulations to be implemented in order to save animal lives and find lessRead MorePersuasive Essay On Animal Testing704 Words à |à 3 PagesAnimal testing has been a around since 384 BC. ââ¬Å"Some testing methods require the animal to; die, be exposed to radiation, remove or expose organs, or subject animals to trauma to create depression and/or anxiety.â⬠(ââ¬Å"THE LEADING SOURCE FOR PROS CONS OF CONTROVERSIAL ISSUESâ⬠) Animal tests and human results only coordinate about 5- 25% of the time. Not only is it inhumane, but it isnt even all that reliable. Not to mention, it`s an insufficient waste of government money. Yes it has helped us in vaccineRead MoreAnimal Testing Persuasive Essay1694 Words à |à 7 Pages About 19,500,000 animals in total are killed in scientific research every year. This means that about twenty percent of the animals tested on each year die, which may not seem like a large percentage; however, if it is taken into account that this happens to the same spe cies in an endless cycle, the numbers can begin to build. Although, through this process of testing, many lifesaving medicines have been created for all types of animals including humans. So, the issue the world is experiencing rightRead MorePersuasive Essay On Animal Testing1521 Words à |à 7 Pagesmillion animals are killed each year in the name of animal testing. Now as some might say that sacrifice is needed for the common good, it is safe to say that animal testing may be taking it over the top to get such test results for the common good. Animal testing has been a common practice for many years to get results and side effects for food, drugs, pesticides, beauty products, and just about everything one uses in an average day. But now, in the modern world where ethics and animals rightsRead MoreAnimal Testing. Persuasive Speech Outline Essay1237 Words à |à 5 PagesZoee Gaige-Wilson Persuasive Speech Outline I. Introduction Animals can be ferocious and wild, but they can also be gentle and tame. Some are our pets, and some are powerful forces that are to be respected and admired. It is as easy to appreciate a loyal dog as it is to be in awe of a lion in its natural habitat. But the truth that many people either donââ¬â¢t know or donââ¬â¢t appreciate is that animals are essential to human existence and have played a vital role in improving the quality of ourRead MorePersuasive Speech Against Animal Testing Essay1992 Words à |à 8 PagesTopic: Animal Testing Purpose: To persuade my audience that animal testing is wrong and unethical Relevance: animals are people too and no one wants an animal to suffer for the wrong reasons Intro Imagene being taken to a place where you are locked up, with barely any room for movement, in a small cage. You are taken every once in a while to get your hair shaved off, and things rubbed into your skin that could potentially make your hair never grow back, or it burns you and makes
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Nature vs Nurture free essay sample
Every person in this world has their own distinctive personality and behavior. People may wonder why an individual may act the way they do. Thus psychologists had put this into a study of whether an individualââ¬â¢s behaviors are caused by hereditary or the environment. This study is known as the nature-nurture debate. This essay will discuss the difference between nature vs nurture, which one applies to me, and how it influenced me in my life. This controversial debate has existed since 1869, when the phrase Nature Versus Nurture was coined by the English polymath, Francis Galton. Throughout different time periods, this controversy continued with two contrasting scientists leading the debate. During the Greek Classical period, Plato, who favored nature meaning the genetic influence on the individualââ¬â¢s behavior that relies mostly on traits that you inherit. While Aristotle, who favored nurture meaning the effect the environment has on that individual which relies mostly on time spent improving a skill set, for example influence of parents or friends. Is man a product of his environment or is personality development solely dependent on genetic makeup? Is man a product of his environment or is personality development solely dependent on genetic makeup? What are the reasons that have led to the nurture versus nature debate? What are the positive aspects of the nurture versus nature debate? What are some the negative implications brought to light by this debate? Have there been any findings to say whether or not nurture affects ones personality? Based on my research, what are my conclusions in terms of the effects of nurture versus nature debate on society? Nature versus nurture debate is a psychology term related to whether heredity or the environment most impacts human psychological development (behavior, habits, intelligence, personality, sexuality and so on). Is man a product of his environment or is personality development solely dependent on genetic makeup? The nature versus nurture is a debate concerning the relative importance of an individuals innate qualities (nature, i.e. nativism, or innatism) versus personal experiences (nurture, i. e. empiricism or behaviorism) in determining or causing individual differences in physical and behavioral traits. Nature is generally the coding of genes in each cell in humans which determine the different traits that we have, more dominantly on the physical attributes like eye color, hair color, ear size, height, and other traits. However, it is still not clear whether the more abstract attributes like personality, intelligence, sexual orientation, likes and dislikes are gene-coded in our DNA also. One of the most burning issues against nature theory is that there may be an existing gay gene, which explains that gays are actually born that way. Another issue says that criminal acts, tendency to divorce and aggressive behavior causing abuse can be justified by the behavioral genes once the researchers have proven their existence. On the other hand, the behavioral genes are somewhat proven to exist when we take a look at fraternal twins. When fraternal twins are reared apart, they show the same similarities in behavior and response as if they were raised together. The nurture theory says that genetic influence over abstract traits may exist; however, the environmental factors are the real origins of our behavior. This includes the use of conditioning in order to induce a new behavior to a child, or alter an unlikely behavior being shown by the child. According to John Watson, one of the strongest psychologists who propose environmental learning as a dominating side in the nature versus nurture debate, once said that he can be able to train a baby randomly chosen in a group of 12 infants, to become any type of specialist he (Watson) wants. He stated that he could train them to be such regardless of the childs potentialities, talents and race. Although it is true that fraternal twins raised apart have remarkable similarities in most respects, still the intervention of the environment have caused several differences in the way they behave. The nature versus nurture debate goes on and on, but still, it is a fact that we have traits that are predetermined by our genes, but we can still choose who we want to be as we travel through our lifetime. ââ¬Å"Flanagan (2002) explored the Minnesota study in which a set of twins was raised separately. The Minnesota twin study concluded that on multiple measures of personality and temperament, occupational and leisure-time interests and social attitudes, mono-zygotic twins reared apart are about as similar as are mono-zygotic twins reared together (Flanagan). This is a prime example that nature plays a significant role in our development. In another instance a study was conducted about adopted babies. Families with adopted children share the same environment, but not the same genetic code (Flanagan, 2002). The Texas Adoption Project found little similarity between adopted children and their siblings, and greater similarity between adopted children and their biological parents (Flanagan). This example also shows how important the role of nature plays on a childs development. The Texas Adoption Project found little similarity between adopted children and their siblings, and greater similarity between adopted children and their biological parents (Flanagan). This example also shows how important the role of nature plays on a childs development. Knowing that nature plays a role in a childs development, educators can use this to determine possible disabilities. For example, if two parents have a reading disability, it is more likely that their child may develop a reading disability as well. It gives teachers a heads up on what to look out for. This can help educators be proactive and intervene at earlier ages. The influence of a persons environment on their behavior is a very commonly accepted factor. The question is how much the environment can affect the behavior and abilities of a person. Some basic factors such as nutrition can be shown to have an important influence on the abilities of a person. It has also been demonstrated that fears, through the experiences of children, can be learned. Most importantly, some behaviors, if not learned from the environment, will never develop. Environment plays a significant role in development as humans. When considering a persons environment in influencing ability, nutrition plays an important example. In one study, a group of children were given vitamin and mineral supplements for eight months. They were given intelligence tests before and after the eight-month treatment. The result was improvements in scores as compared to another group whom we not given vitamin and mineral supplements (Nature vs. Nurture, 2001). The results suggest that environment plays a role in the intellectual ability of people. It is not an illogical leap to understand this will probably extend to physical abilities as well. Another example of environmental influences in the behavior of people comes from a study done to an infant of 11 months. The infant was subjected to a terrible noise whenever he attempted to touch a white rat in the room with him. The child later displayed fear whenever he came in contact with anything white or furry (Nature vs. Nurture, 2001). â⬠A last example of environmental influences in behavior comes from France in 1799. A boy of 12 or 13 was found running with wolves. When he was discovered he was brought back into society. He never developed as a normal human and had tremendous difficulties in society (Nature vs. Nurture, 2001). This suggests that much of what we consider human behavior is socially learned. While no one would suggest that nurture is the only factor that needs to be considered in discussing behavior, it is definitely a significant factor in how we behave as humans. By ignoring the environment, we would miss a large part of what shapes and guides us in life. As stated in the third paragraph John B. Watson, the first prominent behaviorist, noticed that real-life parents arent very systematic in the way they condition their childrens responses and offered to demonstrate how to do the job properly. The demonstration would involve rearing twelve young humans under carefully controlled laboratory conditions. John said, ââ¬Å"Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and Ill guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might selectdoctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief, and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestorsâ⬠. Fortunately for the dozen babies, no one took Watson up on his proposal. To this day, there are probably some aging behaviorists who think he could have pulled it off, if only he had had the funding. But in fact it was an empty boastWatson wouldnt have had the foggiest idea of how to fulfill his guarantee. In his book Psychological Care of Infant and Child he had lots of recommendations to parents on how to keep their children from being spoiled and how to make them fearless and self-reliant (you leave them alone and avoid showing them affection), but there were no suggestions on how to raise childrens IQs by twenty points, which would seem to be an important step toward getting them into medical or law school, in preparation for the first two occupations on Watsons list. Nor were there any guidelines for how to make them choose medicine over law, or vice versa. When it got right down to it, the only thing John Watson had succeeded in doing was to produce conditioned fear of furry animals in an infant named Albert, by making a loud noise whenever little Albert reached for a rabbit. Although this training no doubt discouraged Albert from growing up with the idea of becoming a veterinarian, he still had plenty of other career options to choose from. A more promising behavioristic approach was that of B. F. Skinner, who talked about reinforcing responses rather than conditioning them. This was a far more useful method because it didnt have to make do with responses the child was born withit could create new responses, by reinforcing (with rewards such as food or praise) closer and closer approximations to the desired behavior. In theory, one could produce a doctor by rewarding a kid for bandaging a friends wounds, a lawyer by rewarding the kid for threatening to sue the manufacturer of the bike the friend fell off, but what about the third occupation on Watsons list, artist? Research done in the 1970s showed that you can get children to paint lots of pictures simply by rewarding them with candy or gold stars for doing so. But the rewards had a curious effect: as soon as they were discontinued, the children stopped painting pictures. They painted fewer pictures, once they were no longer being rewarded, than children who had never gotten any rewards for putting felt-tip pen to paper. Although subsequent studies have shown that it is possible to administer rewards without these negative after effects, the results are difficult to predict because they depend on subtle variations in the nature and timing of the reward and on the personality of the reward. In conclusion, both sides of the nature/nurture debate present evidence which supports its impact on development. Studies have shown that heredity is a major factor in developmental similarities among twins raised separately (Flanagan 2002). Studies have also shown that nutrition plays a significant role in cognitive development (Nature vs. Nurture, 2001). Most experts agree that most aspects of a childs development are a product of the interaction of both nurture and nature (Bee, 2004). Interestingly, in recent years, new technology has enabled scientists to gain a deeper understanding of the genetic component of development, increasing interest on this side of the debate (Bee). Although no longer an all or nothing issue, the extent to which nature and nurture affect development will likely be debated for years to come. I personally think that both nature and nurture has grandiose effects on oneââ¬â¢s personal development. Both are them play a very important role in the shaping of an individuals and are both to be seen equally as they complement each other.
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